Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - pinch
Pinch
pinch
v. & n. --v. 1 tr. a grip (esp. the skin of part of the body or of another person) tightly, esp. between finger and thumb (pinched my finger in the door; stop pinching me). b (often absol.) (of a shoe, garment, etc.) constrict (the flesh) painfully. 2 tr. (of cold, hunger, etc.) grip (a person) painfully (she was pinched with cold). 3 tr. sl. a steal; take without permission. b arrest (a person) (pinched him for loitering). 4 (as pinched adj.) (of the features) drawn, as with cold, hunger, worry, etc. 5 a tr. (usu. foll. by in, of, for, etc.) stint (a person). b intr. be niggardly with money, food, etc. 6 tr. (usu. foll. by out, back, down) Hort. remove (leaves, buds, etc.) to encourage bushy growth. 7 intr. sail very close to the wind. --n. 1 the act or an instance of pinching etc. the flesh. 2 an amount that can be taken up with fingers and thumb (a pinch of snuff). 3 the stress or pain caused by poverty, cold, hunger, etc. 4 sl. a an arrest. b a theft. Phrases and idioms at (or in) a pinch in an emergency; if necessary. feel the pinch experience the effects of poverty. pinch-hitter US 1 a baseball player who bats instead of another in an emergency. 2 a person acting as a substitute. Etymology: ME f. AF & ONF pinchier (unrecorded), OF pincier, ult. f. L pungere punct- prick
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I. verb Etymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French *~er, pincer Date: 14th century transitive verb 1. to squeeze between the finger and thumb or between the jaws of an instrument, to prune the tip of (a plant or shoot) usually to induce branching, to squeeze or compress painfully, to cause physical or mental pain to, e. to cause to appear thin, haggard, or shrunken, to cause to shrivel or wither, 2. to subject to strict economy or want ; straiten, to restrain or limit narrowly ; constrict, 3. steal, arrest, to sail too close to the wind, intransitive verb compress, squeeze, to be miserly or closefisted, to press painfully, narrow, taper , II. noun Date: 15th century 1. a critical juncture ; emergency, b. pressure, stress, hardship, privation, deficit, 2. an act of ~ing ; squeeze, as much as may be taken between the finger and thumb , a very small amount, a marked thinning of a vein or bed, 4. theft, a police raid, see: juncture III. adjective Date: 1912 substitute , hit by a ~ hitter ...Толковый словарь английского языка
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